O sistema de financiamento da educação federalismo e redistribuição

Abstract

This dissertation focuses on a study of the basic education funding system, with the theme of delimiting the operationalization of Fundeb, as part of the Rio Grande do Sul state and its 497 municipalities. In order to investigate the process of composition / redistribution of Fundeb resources, as well as the operational parameters, mapped out the implications surrounded the redistributive dynamics, as well as the role of the federal entities in the financing of basic education. In response to the proposed objectives, the methodological approach that leads this research is characterized as qualitative and quantitative, using database available on the website of TCE / RS, STN portal FNDE, INEP, in consultation with the relevant legislation as well as documentary and bibliographic queries on different media. The search begins with the exploration works on the history of education in Brazil over the main events that influenced from colonization to the institution of the Republic, as well as the advent of the Constitutional Charter of 1988 passes to ensure access to public education, consolidating the linkage of relevant sources of funds to each federal entity in attention to the role of the state as the educational process provider. In this sense the research enters the financing funds whose main function is to operationalize the constitutional bindings in a perspective equalization of educational opportunities, investigating the current system, its scope and possibilities facing the new indicators are added to the basic education universalization process. From the redistribution of resources mapping, notes the dependence relationship between the entities at the local level, conditioned by parameters that limit both the capacity expansion of the service network as the participation and role of the Union in this process. The discussions undertaken throughout the work have elements that support the prospect of changes in the parameters of this financing system. It is concluded that the current education funding system, whose highest expression of resources and scope set by the Fund for Maintenance and Development of Basic Education and Valuing of Education Professionals (FUNDEB), does not offer expansion mechanisms of capacity service networks / education systems, raising to be promoted changes in view of the impending compulsory access to education, conditioned by quality and equity indicators