Matéria orgânica e propriedades físicas de um Latossolo vermelho em sistema de integração lavouro-pecuária-floresta

Abstract

The agriculture over the years is in intensification process to meet the needs of society in the midst of water shortages and the threat of climate change, resulting in soil and water degradation. The integration crop-livestock-forest system (ICLFS) is an alternative between models of existing production systems, to intensification land use, diversification of activities, generating economic gain and with sustainability. However, the evaluations carried out in the system in the most part are of economic nature, missing information about caused changes on the soil properties. Seeking to maintain the agricultural soils with a chemical environment, physical and biological favorable for plant growth, to support its production; this study aims was to evaluate the content of organic matter and the physical-hydric-mechanical properties of an Oxisol Red between forest and crop components in integration croplivestock-forest system. The experiment was conducted in the Technology Reference Unit (URT) ICLF installed by Emater -RS/Embrapa-Trigo in District Pulador, Passo Fundo. The variables analyzed were: organic matter, water dispersible clay, flocculation index, bulk density and soil solids, relative density, pore volume distribution, penetration resistance, soil consistency limits, aggregate stability, storage and water retention in the soil. Conclude that the presence of the forest component in crop-livestock-forest integration system partially improves the physical-hydric-mechanical properties of an Oxisol Red after five years of implantation, changing positively the limits of consistency and stability of aggregates and; negatively the penetration mechanical resistance, the relationship between the optimum moisture content of compaction and the plastic limit, the relationship between the liquid limit and the field capacity and; the water in the soil (dry periods)