O encurtamento espaço-temporal, através do diálogo, nas cartas da imperatriz Leopoldina

Abstract

The Human Sciences occupy an important space in the academic scenario. Linguistics, as a field of knowledge inserted in this panorama, encompasses researchers who dedicate themselves to the study of language and discourse, disseminating knowledge. Based on this, Émile Benveniste's Enunciative Theory (the fundamental theoretical framework of this work) makes it possible to study the trinomial "enunciation, text and subject" from a perspective that is not only theoretical but also applicable and useful to society, observing and analyzing different texts, expressed in different social contexts. Our research unites two partner areas of knowledge: Linguistics and History. Thus, this thesis aims, in general, to demonstrate that the pronouns "I", "you" and "he", inserted in the context of "here/now", are physical-temporal shortening elements in the process of enunciative exchanges carried out by Empress Leopoldina, in five letters, addressed to three interlocutors. This perspective originates from the hypothesis that the pronominal elements "I", "you" and "he", in consonance with "here" and "now", in the context of the dialogue, act as links of rapprochement between Leopoldina and the Austrian court of the Habsburg-Lorraine, attenuating territorial distances and, also, the passage of time of a chronological nature. In order to carry out this bibliographic-reflexive and analytical task, key concepts from the works Problems of general linguistics I (2005) and Problems of general linguistics II (2006), both by Benveniste, will be mobilized, complemented by the thinking of several national and international scholars of Benveniste's theory. In five letters from Leopoldina - written in Europe, during the sea crossing to America and in Brazil - the pronouns "I", "you" and "he", in synchrony with the "here/now", will produce different effects of meaning, through the manifestation of the mnemonic-discursive dialogue that integrates the enunciative essence of the correspondence. Based on the concepts of subjectivity, intersubjectivity and dialogue, it will be observed how space and time are shortened in the discourse of the letters, establishing a relationship of proximity between the speaker and the interlocutors.