Eleições presidenciais de 2022: um espetáculo discursivo encenado no facebook

Abstract

This study addresses political discourse in the context of the 2022 presidential elections through an analysis of the discursive strategies staged in the political-media communication contract in posts made on the social network Facebook. The general objective is to describe and analyze the possible interpretations that arise from the discursive strategies staged in the meaning of the political positions called center, left and right expressed in the communication contract on the social network Facebook, during the period of the 2022 Brazilian presidential election. For the theoretical-methodological application, the Semiolinguistic Theory of Patrick Charaudeau (2005, 2019a, 2019b), Emediato (2022) and Pauliukonis (2004, 2016) is used in interface with Political Discourse (Charaudeau, 2018, 2020, 2022; Soares, 2022). The research developed is of an applied, exploratory and descriptive nature; bibliographic and documentary with a qualitative approach. The research corpus consists of three posts made on Facebook by random users, from October 1 to 31, 2022, during the presidential election phase, which address politics using the terms center, right and left. The posts are analyzed in the instances of production and reception according to the communication device and under the support of the Semiolinguistic Theory of Discourse. The results obtained, resulting from the application of the theoretical concepts mobilized, reveal that when enunciating a right-wing discourse, the speaker mobilizes strategies of capture, basing his discourse on the appeal to religiosity, respect and morality, through the projection of an ethos of identification, triggering possible interpretations that refer to a fascist policy. The left-wing discourse highlights the aims of information and capture in the face of the strategy of disqualifying the adversary, supporting his enunciation in an interpellation that satirizes the government of the time, contrary to his thinking, projecting images of character and humanity through an ethos of identification, leading to a possible interpretation that the right, opposing position, carries out the actions that he so criticizes, which affects his interlocutor through emotion. The center discourse reveals the predominance of the capture strategy, leading to the act of language whose purpose is to raise awareness about discursive polarization and violence on social networks, through a capture aim and the projection of the ethos of identification. The study found that in political discourse there is a predominance of capture strategies and projection of images that aim at identification through desired and shared common values, since the political game is based on the need to appear credible.