Relações de poder em Itaqui: a rivalidade político-partidária no final do século XIC (1889-1893)

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the power relations that permeated the politics of the Rio Grande do Sul Republican Party, the Liberal Party and the Federalist Party in the city of Itaqui, a region on the western border of Rio Grande do Sul with Argentina, between 1889 and 1893. The choice of the theme and time frame is justified by the fact that this was the period in which the state of Rio Grande do Sul was going through moments of change and instability in the political sphere. After the Proclamation of the Republic, the PRR took power and the members of the extinct PL lost their positions. This shift occurred amid conflicts and disputes, intensifying the rivalries that already existed between the two groups. This study focuses on understanding how the local political party elite faced each other and how they related to their peers during this period of political turmoil. To develop the research, the method of historical-legal practice was used, combined with the historical method, guided by the procedures of heuristics, criticism and interpretation of the documentary corpus. The main sources of analysis are of a judicial, administrative and press nature (minute books; criminal proceedings; party newspapers). Thus, this dissertation adopted the following methodological procedures: identification of the members of the political elite, the way in which this elite performed in spaces of power and political prestige; the clashes and political-partisan divergences that occurred after the murder of journalist Lucidoro Camarú, linked to the PRR, who used the newspaper A Gazeta do Sul as a space for partisan positioning, through which it was possible to infer how the rival regional political leaders behaved in the moments of growing instability that culminated in the outbreak of the Federalist Revolution (1893-95). The regional border political elite demonstrated to have an important role in the resistance of both the Castilhistas and the Gasparistas, being a formative part of the incursions of the historical process that was the post-Republic of the state.