Implementação da renda básica no Brasil: impactos nos direitos humanos fundamentais e redução da pobreza

Abstract

Brazil faces socioeconomic challenges such as inequality and poverty, despite the 1988 Constitution’s commitment to human dignity and fundamental human rights. In this context, universal basic income, defined as a regular and unconditional cash transfer, has gained prominence as a potential solution to guarantee the minimum subsistence and promote social inclusion. This proposal, inspired by international experiences and supported by academic evidence, promises to alleviate poverty. Legislative initiatives and public debates have explored the feasibility and impacts of this policy, focusing on issues such as adequate value, sustainable financing, and also efficient administrative infrastructure. The general objective of this research is to analyze the feasibility and effects of a basic income program in the Brazilian context. The problem of this investigation questions to what extent it is possible to implement a universal basic income program in Brazil. As hypotheses, it is assumed that there is viability of implementation, as the country could allocate resources, undertake a review of fiscal and tax policies, implement specific legislation with both legal and institutional bases, with political and social support; On the other hand, there are many challenges, such as efficient administration, monitoring of poverty and development indicators, improvements to the effectiveness of the program, among others. As a result, it is clear that although the implementation of universal basic income in Brazil faces considerable challenges, it offers significant promise for building a more just and equitable society. Basic income is not just an economic measure, but a constitutional imperative that can ensure that all Brazilians live with dignity and security and can be a powerful instrument for reducing poverty and promoting human dignity. Its successful implementation depends on a collective effort and a clear vision of a more just and inclusive future for all Brazilians. In terms of methodology, this is a bibliographical research that was carried out using the hypothetical-deductive method. Thus, a systematic review of sources was carried out and the problem that guided the study was defined. Then, a literature review was carried out, with notes, after which hypotheses were formulated and the theoretical framework was defined. Finally, the analysis and discussion were carried out and the final considerations were made based on what was researched.