A relevância da gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos para o meio ambiente e à sociedade: análise comparada da legislação brasileira e espanhola

Abstract

This dissertation assesses the relevance of urban solid waste management in Brazil and Spain, and the negative impacts caused by the mismanagement of such waste on the environment and society, investigating whether current laws are effective in solving such a problem. The research initially investigates the main reasons for the generation of urban solid waste, having as an indispensable factor linked to the exacerbated consumerism present in today's society, as well as analyzing the main consequences resulting from the generation of excess waste and the mismanagement of such waste. Subsequently, the legal systems of Brazil and Spain that deal with environmental issues, especially linked to waste in each country, are listed, as well as the Constitution of each country. Afterwards, some methods are discussed that can help significantly improve the management of urban solid waste, such as adequate planning to avoid possible environmental disasters, democratic management of cities, involving the social participation of citizens in decision-making, development of smart cities, circular economy aimed at reducing waste generation and environmental education at all levels. The methodology is based on operational logic through the hypothetical-deductive scientific method, since it starts from explanatory hypotheses, considering the change in thinking and legal issues on environmental issues. The line of research that the dissertation is included in is Constitutional Jurisdiction and Democracy, in the area of ​​concentration New Paradigms of Law, of the Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Program - Master's in Law of the School of Legal Sciences of the University of Passo Fundo.