Violência e criminalidade nas cidades: desafios para a implementação de uma política criminal extrapenal no Brasil

Abstract

The Dissertation included in the Research Line Social Relations and Dimensions of Power aims at critical analysis of the causes of the development of violence and crime in cities, exposes criminal policies backed by extra-penal methods, and effective alternatives are created to the prevention of violence and crime. To do so, we use the logic operational of the inductive method, the qualitative approach and the procedure legal-bibliographic. The work is structured into three chapters. The first chapter addresses the causes that lead to the growth of fear and sensation insecurity in cities, which result in the adoption of criminal policies emergencies that change the population’s behavior pattern, stimulate the expansion of criminal legislation, the rise of criminal law symbolic and public policies of mass incarceration. The second chapter deals with the issue of obstacles imposed so that policies crimes of an extra-penal nature are carried out, with emphasis on influences exerted negatively by the dominant ideology, by the culture of violence and the marginalization of the poor classes, in addition to possible alternatives in the field of public security based on the theory of the School of Chicago. The third chapter studies the determining characteristics that have municipal federative entities to implement policies extra-penal criminals. This chapter presents some experiences practices carried out in countries around the world and in Brazilian municipalities. It ends with the exhibition of extra-penal political-criminal programs recently adopted in Pelotas, Niterói and Lajeado, all structured under the guidelines of the ¿Pact for Peace¿. The research portrays the correct hypothesis central positive that criminal policy based on extra-penal methods is effective for preventing violence and crime in cities, considering the possibility of municipalities acting together with other federative bodies and society, as well as the results obtained in the field of public security through restructuring programs urban and social.