Políticas públicas para o desenvolvimento de inovação: o caso do INOVA RS

Abstract

This study analyzes the role of public policies in the development of innovation systems in the case of the Inova RS Program. To achieve this objective, a survey was carried out exploratory and descriptive. Through bibliographical research, using the method prism of analysis, this study mapped scientific production related to public policies linked to the increase in innovation from 2017 to 2021. 91 studies were identified that demonstrated how public innovation policies are structured within countries analyzed. Next, national legislation was addressed, through the Pintec 2017 Survey, which allowed us to understand the vision of what public innovation policies are and how Companies use these policies to promote innovation. As an empirical element, it was analyzed the INOVA RS program, through interviews with 5 program managers who operate in the production region. The results found indicate that: public policies are developed in each country in different ways, and there may be similarities between countries in the same continent. In national public policies, it is clear that a lot has evolved in terms of of legislation, showing equivalence to that of developed countries, but still has rigidity, that impedes the advancement of innovation. It is also clear that the set of incentives for legislation supports all investigated stimuli: financial support, subsidy, financial aid, support human resources, technology support, certification support and purchasing support. Additionally, policies include the possibility for companies to use infrastructure and the State's intellectual capital to make its projects viable. In contrast, the Research Pintec 2017 showed that 2017 was the year in which companies least used programs of the government in the last three editions, which can be explained due to changes in the scenario political. Another relevant factor listed in this research is the awareness of society, which should be developed at all levels, to enable a public restructuring to support innovation, which involves a review of legislation, in order to better serve companies innovations, provide an uninterrupted sequence of work and foster partnerships with higher education institutions (HEIs), through qualified labor. owner who refers to the Inova RS program, it is also possible to conclude that Rio Grande do Sul has the structure to advance in terms of innovation, but to do so, it is necessary for organizations to act in a more collaborative way, reducing its competitive impetus that has hampered the formation of partnerships. Regarding forms of development, despite the legislation presenting a large range of possibilities, it is clear that the issue of fiscal support and financial assistance, and, although Inova RS already provides human resources and subsidy support, it is necessary to disseminate other forms of support, such as Technology Support, Certification and Purchasing Support, to provide better results.