Modelo de transferência de tecnologia nas instituições de ensino superior comunitárias brasileiras

Abstract

The process of transferring technology consists in the exchange of technological knowledge from one place to another, and may have commercial purpose or not. It is an important mechanism in promoting innovation, especially for companies that adopt open innovation methods, in which they seek solutions and technologies from external sources. One of these external sources is higher education institutions (IES) that carry out research and development activities, among which are Brazilian community IES. There are few scientific studies on technology transfer in Brazil and, moreover, there is no specific study related to this topic in community HEIs. For this reason, in this dissertation we worked with the analysis of the process of technology transfer in Brazilian IES. The research question that guided this study was: how do Brazilian higher education institutions transfer technology? From this problematic, this dissertation had as main objective to propose an analytical scheme that explains how the Brazilian IES transfer technology. Aiming to reach the goal outlined, a qualitative research was carried out, exploratory and descriptive, through which a multi case study was carried out in 12 Brazilian community IES, associated to the Brazilian Association of Community Universities -ABRUC. The data were collected through a questionnaire, elaborated from the identification of categories and analytical subcategories derived from the bibliographic reference. The data were analyzed by means of content analysis. The analytical conceptual schema allows to present themain evidences and findings of the study, among them the understanding that the process of technology transfer used by the IES studied differs from the traditional process found in the bibliographic reference. The basis for this process is the intensification of the universitycompany interaction, which allows the identification of real demands of the companies, as well as the establishment of collaborative or sponsored research projects. In this way, the level of assertiveness in the definition of the technologies that will be protected in the form of intellectual property is increased, and also the effectiveness of technology transfer is enhanced. Above all, it was possible to understand that the process of technology transfer is not linear and does not follow a single flow, it is necessary to establish an environment and relations conducive to it to take effect.