Efeitos do exergame na função motora de membro superior e no equilíbrio de pacientes pós-Acidente Vascular Encefálico

Abstract

The expected increase in life in developing countries has led to a change in the demographic profile at the global level. Concomitant with this phenomenon, we can see an increase in chronic-degenerative diseases, among which are cerebrovascular. Stroke is characterized as being a cerebrovascular disease resulting from a disruption of the cerebral blood flow. Approximately 50% of patients who survive stroke have limitations in daily life activities, posing a threat to quality of life. In post -stroke rehabilitation, the patient is expected to use all his or her ability to resume previous tasks within the limitations of the current situation. However, patients often suffering from stroke withdraw from treatment depending on the routine of the treatment. In this way, new alternatives are sought to encourage the rehabilitation process. In this context, several therapies are used, among them are the exergames, which are an example of serious games that have the ability to capture the user's real movements, promoting a physical interaction with the patient being assisted by this modality. The aim of the present dissertation was to verify the effects of the exergame on upper limb motor function and the balance of post-stroke patients. The specific objectives were: i) to verify the acquisition of motor function of the upper limbs and pre and post-intervention balance with exergame and without exergame; ii) to compare the intergroup and intragroup results of motor function and pre and postintervention balance; and iii) assist in the development of the exergame Motion Rehab AVE 3D. This is a controlled, randomized, quantitative, experimental trial with pre and post-treatment control intervention, in which 31 elderly people of both sexes, over 55 years of age, were enrolled in a database of the Clínica .Escola de Physiotherapy of the URI - Campus of Erechim - RS. The participants were divided into two groups: Physiotherapy Group With Exergame (GFCE) and Physiotherapy Group Without Exergame (GFSE). Interventions were performed individually, twice weekly, lasting 30 minutes, over a period of 12 weeks. The instruments used in the research were sociodemographic questionnaire and clinical aspects, Mini Mental State Examination, Ashworth Modified Scale, Fugl-Meyer Physical Performance Scale and Berg Balance Scale. In the data analysis, the T-test was used for independent samples, Mann -Whitney Test and Wilcoxon Test. The findings demonstrate that the individuals rehabilitated in the GFCE with the xergame Motion Rehab AVE 3D, achieve superior results in upper limb motor function as well as balance, when compared to those rehabilitated without exergame. These results confirm that the use of exergame is an efficient alternative for the rehabilitation of the upper limb motor function and the balance of individuals affected by stroke. The results of the general objective and the specific objectives ie ii will be presented in Scientific Production I. The exergame Motion Rehab AVE 3D, specific objective iii, was developed in partnership with the Computer Science Course of the University of Passo Fundo and registered with the National Institute of Intellectual Property - INPI, under protocol number BR 51 2016 001373-7.