Fatores de riscos extrínsecos para quedas no domicílio de longevos assistidos pela estratégia saúde da familia

Abstract

Falls can be frequent on the elderly. The identification of the factors associated with this event can aid in developing prevention strategies. Therefore, the present work aimed to identify the incidence of falls and existing extrinsic risk factors in the home of the long-lived and to verify the association between falls of the long-lived and the presence of extrinsic risk factors at their homes. Notably, the scientific production, derived from the dissertation titled "extrinsic risk factors for falls in the home of the oldest in areas covered by the Family Health Strategy", is a cross-sectional population-based study with 350 elderly aged, that are 80 or older, of both sexes, and live permanently in the urban area of the city of Foz do Iguaçu, PR, in 2015. A household survey was made and the incidence of falls in the last year was described. The questionnaire included sociodemographic, clinical and related to the environment variables, regarding accessibility, mobility and security of the elderly, built on standard 9050 (ABNT, 2004). The data were analyzed using Stata software V.10. To verify the association between variables, it were used Pearson´s chi-square test, linear trend in the crude analysis and logistic regression model in the adjusted analysis, with effects expressed in odds ratio. The data were analyzed for a 5% significance level. For entry into the multiple model, were considered the variables with p &#8804; 0.20. The incidence of falls was 46.9% in the last year. There was an association between falls and the presence of extrinsic factors, such as steps, gaps and pets on the main access, rugs without anti-slip and slippery floor in the kitchen, rugs without anti-slip and objects on the floor in the room, grab bars in the shower, bars support in the restroom and switch button away from the door in the bathroom (p <0.05). The results of this study confirm the importance of identifying the extrinsic risk factors present in the home of the long-lived